SAChE Chemical Reactivity Hazards (ELA962) Practice Test

These questions are part of the practice quiz. Start practicing

• Which statement best describes the relationship between safety documentation and operational safety in reactive hazards?
• TRUE or FALSE: It is acceptable to operate a process that you know may exceed the temperature rating of the equipment as long as sufficient relief devices are installed.
• The adiabatic temperature rise is larger when the reaction is more exothermic and the system has a lower heat capacity. True or False?
• How can you verify cooling system effectiveness for reactive hazards?
• What is the main purpose of a chemical compatibility chart?
• Primary containment refers to _____________ or other equipment intended to serve as the primary container for, or used for the transfer of, a material.
• Which factor commonly initiates explosive decomposition?
• Which of the following best describes why inhibitors for vinyl monomers are important?
• A reaction-interfering agent is an example of which safety feature?
• What is the emergency plan's purpose for reactivity hazards?
• Which option best completes: segregation helps to reduce the chance of contact between incompatible chemicals, preventing runaway reactions or explosions.
• Define thermal runaway.
• What does HAZOP stand for and its relation to reactivity hazards?
• ____________ may be needed to avoid polymer or peroxide formation.
• What is a permit-to-work system and its relevance to reactive systems?
• TRUE or FALSE: A temperature rise will not pose a hazard as long as the equipment temperature rating is not exceeded.
• ___________ refers to a physical or chemical change that requires or is accompanied by the absorption of heat.
• How can startup/shutdown phases introduce hazards?
• Which statement about compatibility tools is true?
• Which option lists water-reactive substances and their hazards correctly?
• How many people died as a direct result of the Bhopal incident?
• The production of gaseous reaction products will generate pressure in a closed vessel.
• A natural earthquake caused the explosion at the AZF fertilizer factory.
• Which indicators would signal a potential reactivity hazard in a process line?
• The direct death toll described as thousands is associated with which incident?
• In process safety, primary containment refers to which concept?
• Which mechanism can cause pressure inside a closed reactor to rise during a chemical reaction?
• Which term refers to the conversion of one isomer into another organic compound that differs from the first in the position of a hydrogen atom and a double bond?
• How many people died in the T2 Laboratories incident?
• In the Castleford, UK incident, which event occurred first?
• The CCPS Chemical Reactivity Worksheet (CRW) can be run online.
• What is the primary purpose of a quenching system in a reactive chemical process?
• Which statement correctly defines disproportionation?
• What reaction condition commonly triggers a vented relief scenario?
• Which combination of practices addresses reactivity hazards during storage and transfer?
• Which material will form unstable peroxides upon reaction with atmospheric oxygen?
• Which statement about impurities and reactivity hazards is NOT true?
• NFPA ratings help responders determine appropriate actions during a reactive incident. Which of the following is true?
• The ______ is used to continually monitor and control a process.
• What commonly initiates explosive decomposition in reactive materials?
• The incident at the T2 Laboratories plant in Jacksonville, Florida was caused in part by a runaway reaction due to cooling system failure. True or False?
• Rearranging materials may result in all of the following EXCEPT:
• Which statement about impurities and reactivity hazards is true?
• Which term describes a chemical reaction in which a single compound serves as both oxidizing and reducing agent?
• Which of the following statements about water-reactive substances is true?
• Which statement best describes how chemical compatibility matrices are used?
• TRUE or FALSE: The CRW enables you to compare the compatibility of individual chemicals as well as reactive groups.
• Pressure increase inside enclosures can be caused by which of the following?
• Give a representative dangerous mixing scenario.
• What signs may indicate hydrolysis in a moist environment?
• How do you document reactivity hazards in a facility?
• What exploded in the AZF fertilizer factory incident in France?
• Emergency relief systems include: which component is commonly used to vent overpressure?
• In the CRW exercise, which material combination is compatible?
• How does a PSM program support reactivity safety?
• In an exothermic reaction with limited cooling, will the vessel be able to contain the reaction?
• Which practice best supports ongoing safety for reactivity hazards?
• In which scenario is venting or pressure relief required?
• TRUE or FALSE: Staff and management at T2 Laboratories understood the chemistry involved in the reactor but were unaware that the cooling system had failed.
• Assume a material has a heat of polymerization of -1000 kJ/kg, an average heat capacity of 2 kJ/kg-K, and the starting temperature of the material is 200 K. What is the maximum adiabatic temperature that could be reached by the polymerization of the material?
• Which statement best captures the role of ΔT_ad in assessing hazards?
• Toxicity may arise when two materials are combined in a process even if each is non-toxic separately. This occurs primarily due to which factor?
• What is the main reason for bonding and grounding during transfers of flammable liquids?
• In the T2 Laboratories incident, was the runaway reaction endothermic or exothermic?
• Which statement best describes a Peroxide Forming material?
• Which action reduces the risk of peroxide formation during storage of peroxide-forming solvents?
• Which statement best describes the role of training in managing reactivity hazards?
• PPE and emergency response plans are examples of which category?
• What does ΔT_ad tell you?
• Which action is part of an emergency response to a reactivity incident?
• What action reduces the risk of runaway reactions most effectively?
• Which hazard should you look for when assessing laboratories? (select one hazard for this question)
• Why is container material selection important for reactive chemicals?
• Incompatibility storage hazards include which of the following?
• The majority of deaths and injuries in the Bhopal disaster were due to:
• Which statement about the availability of CAMEO Chemicals and CRW is true?
• Equipment should be rated for which temperatures?
• Which of the following is NOT a rearrangement outcome listed for rearranging materials?
• Aldehydes and Ketones are known as ______.
• Why is stock rotation important for peroxide-forming solvents?
• Which of the following was identified as the cause of the T2 Laboratories incident?
• What is the purpose of inerting in handling reactive mixtures?
• What hazard can peroxide formation pose if unmanaged?
• Which practice is essential for peroxide-forming solvents to be monitored over time?
• What is believed to have caused the uncontrolled reaction and toxic vapor release in the Bhopal disaster?
• Why are organic peroxides high risk?
• In a storage tank control plan, which purpose best describes venting and inerting where needed?
• In evaluating waste treatment, which hazard type should be considered?
• Which measure is least effective for preventing reactive storage hazards related to contaminants?
• What is the role of process safety metrics in reactivity hazards?
• In evaluating waste treatment, which hazard is most likely to cause a rapid release of energy if not managed?
• Which hazard may occur in a closed vessel when the reaction temperature reaches a level above the mixture's boiling point?
• In the CRW exercise with Sodium Aluminum Sulphate and water, which hazard is predicted?
• Which term corresponds to a material that will spontaneously ignite upon exposure to atmospheric oxygen?
• Which term refers to a physical or chemical change accompanied by the evolution of heat?
• Reactions where all reactants are present from the start can lead to a runaway event with rapid changes in temperature and pressure. What term best completes this sentence?
• Why might the pressure rating of equipment need to be adjusted over time?
• Which statement BEST describes the potential for toxic vapors in a chemical process?
• What is the purpose of a dedicated storage area for reactive substances?
• Which pairing is correct based on the incidents described?
• Which statement best describes the purpose of a chemical compatibility chart?
• The majority of the injuries that occurred in the T2 Laboratories incident were due to:
• Which term describes safeguards designed to prevent escalation once a reactivity hazard is detected?
• Which type of material might explosively decompose if concentrated?
• What is the purpose of inhibitors in polymerizable materials?
• A dump system, quenching system and reaction-interfering agent are all examples of:
• What is the primary purpose of venting in overpressure protection?
• How many people died in the AZF fertilizer factory incident?
• Why are incompatibilities central to storage and handling?
• What effect can moisture have on reactive systems?
• Which statement about chemical compatibility charts is true?
• Which of the following is an example of a pyrophoric material?
• What layer of protection is a key measure for detecting and responding to abnormal process conditions?
• Which factor is least associated with the risk of a runaway reaction?
• Which statement best describes the purpose of periodic peroxide tests as a mitigation practice?
• A/an ____________ may readily react to promote or initiate combustion of combustible materials.
• Why is separation of oxidizers and fuels essential?
• Why must hazard controls be revalidated during scale-up?
• Where is a significant amount of stored chemical energy least likely to be found in a typical facility handling reactive chemicals?
• What is believed to be the primary cause of the Bhopal incident?
• Emergency relief for uncontrolled reactions often involves ______ the relief device.
• Which tool is a CCPS-developed worksheet used to evaluate reactivity hazards?
• Which factor is least relevant to chemical reactivity hazards in process design?
• How does labeling and container integrity reduce hazards?
• What term describes reactions in which one or more small molecules combine to form larger molecules during the reaction?
• Methyl isocyanate (MIC) is water-reactive.
• Bromine, chlorine, and fluorine are all examples of which category?
• Which of the following is the most direct hazard to consider during chemical transportation?
• What is a reactivity hazard in the SAChE framework?
• What are typical indicators of a reactivity hazard in a process line?
• Which statement about MIC is true?
• What measure may be needed to prevent polymerization or peroxide formation?
• What is a common purpose of Process Hazard Analysis (PHA) in relation to incompatibilities?
• Gaseous products in a closed vessel will generate pressure if not relieved.
• Which element of a reactive hazard control involves ensuring staff are trained to recognize signs of hazards and respond appropriately?
• Why is segregation planning important in facilities?
• What is the main purpose of presenting a representative dangerous mixing scenario in reactivity hazard assessment?
• How should you respond to a suspected explosive reactivity incident?
• What is the role of ventilation in reactive chemical handling?
• In a runaway reaction, the rate of heat generation exceeds the rate at which heat can be removed.
• Which of the following should be included when looking for locations and situations where chemical reactivity hazards may present themselves?
• Which term describes a reaction that absorbs heat from its surroundings?
• Which of the following is not a self-reactive material?
• Toxic vapors could be generated as a __________ of an __________ or an abnormal chemical reaction.
• TRUE or FALSE: A runaway exothermic reaction led to the T2 Laboratories incident.
• Which is NOT considered a layer of protection for detecting abnormal reactions?
• CAMEO Chemicals can be run online.
• Name two inhibitors used for vinyl monomers.
• Which factor most directly contributes to a runaway reaction in a storage scenario?
• How do dilution and quenching help control hazards?
• Which control measure is most effective in preventing hazards when a process is exothermic?
• Which statement is true about toxic materials hazards?
• How does scale-up affect heat management?
• Which action is NOT a recommended safety step in reactive storage management?
• Which of the following are common incompatibility pairings?
• Which device is used to monitor process pressure?
• The Chemical Reactivity Worksheet enables you to compare the compatibility of which items?
• How do NFPA ratings assist in reactivity hazard awareness?
• Which hazard is most associated with potential runaway reactions caused by polymerization or decomposition?
• TRUE or FALSE: If the maximum adiabatic reaction temperature exceeds the reaction mixture boiling point, the reaction is capable of generating pressure in a closed vessel.
• Which statement best describes why decomposition is important to understanding chemical reactivity hazards?
• A chemical that ignites spontaneously in air at 54.4 °C (130 °F) or below is called which type of material?
• What hazard does polymerization pose in storage?
• The breakdown of a material or substance (initiated by energy input) into simpler compounds is called:
• CAMEO is used to assess chemical compatibility.
• What is the purpose of peroxide testing for solvents?
• What hazard increases when heat is not removed effectively during scale-up?
• Which statement is true regarding decomposition products compared to the original material?
• Aluminum oxide is incompatible with which of the following?
• The T2 Laboratories incident is associated with which type of hazard?
• The process should not be able to generate pressure within the equipment that exceeds the pressure rating ____________________?
• Which term defines a material that readily yields oxygen or other oxidizing gas, or that readily reacts to promote or initiate combustion of combustible materials?
• What is the purpose of inert blankets around reactive storage?
• What is a 'hot spot' and why is it dangerous in reactive storage?
• Which term describes the conversion of a chemical with a given molecular formula into another compound with the same formula but a different arrangement of atoms?
• In assessing hazards, attention should be given to situations where a significant portion of reactants could initially be present because of the potential for __________.
• Which statement correctly describes how equipment should be rated for temperatures?
• What was the material being produced at T2 Laboratories?
• Why is operator training critical for reactivity hazards?
• Provide a high-level example of a reactive hazard control for a storage tank.
• Which statement best describes the situations in which chemical reactivity hazards can occur?
• If the heat of reaction increases the vapor pressure of the liquid, the reaction is capable of generating pressure in a closed vessel.
• TRUE or FALSE: The effects of the Bhopal incident are still evident today, decades later.
• Which measure directly reduces ignition risk during transfer of flammable liquids?
• Which process safety analysis is commonly used to assess reactivity hazards in a facility?
• How can peroxide-forming solvents be mitigated in practice?
• Which incident involved MCMT as the chemical produced?
• Which inhibitor combination is commonly used for vinyl monomers?
• What information do DSC and ARC provide for hazard assessment?
• Which storage practice helps prevent mixing incompatible materials?
• Which scenario is most likely to present a chemical reactivity hazard?
• The term _____________ includes vapors from flammable or combustible liquids above their flash points.
• Which statement about decomposition products is true?